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Most fruits and vegetables have a high water content, which makes them possible to juice. Low water content fruits and vegetables like bananas and avocado are better placed in a blender – this is the same for dried fruit. Vegetable juices made from carrots, swedes, parsnips, make very good bases for blends. Carrots are very neutral and taste completely different from expectation. The juices can be made and stored in the fridge overnight, but it impairs the freshness of flavour. All fruits, especially apples, oxidize quickly and lose all their nutrients, so it is best to drink the juice within 5 minutes of making.

It is better to use fruit as fresh as you can – as they have a lot more vitamins in them! If you can invest in organic fruit and vegetables, do so. Never juice overripe or moldy produce, especially tomatoes, due to botulism. All bruised and damaged parts are to be removed before chopping. Chop just prior to juicing (reduces enzyme damage and loss of precious vitamin C).

Organic vegetables like carrots can be scrubbed in cold running water to remove soil, but it is better to peel the skin of non-organic carrots (to remove pesticides and fertilizers). Waxed fruit must be washed in warm soapy water to remove the waxes; these can then be used without removing the skin. 

Some juicing books advise you to remove apple pips, because of the tiny amounts of cyanide in them. Peach and plum stones can damage the grater, so you must remove these; grape seeds are fine. Pears are the most hypo-allergenic of fruit, good for a delicate digestion with low fruit tolerance, juice in small quantities.

Some Naturopaths use curative juices including potatoes to treat stomach ulcers. Remove vegetable tops because they are soiled or sandy and bitter. Never juice carrot tops or rhubarb tops – they are toxic.

Organic citrus fruits like lemons/limes can be juiced, but skins of oranges and grapefruits contain toxins, so use sparingly or not at all. Never juice non-organic citrus rinds as they can be sprayed up to 17 times with toxic pesticides. Always chop up large produce (i.e., not radishes) it helps the motor and is safer. 

Hard produce like ginger needs to be eased through, taking the pressure on and off the plunger so as not to damage the motor of the machine. Cabbage or similar leafy vegetables can be rolled up and put through stalk first or shredded. Be patient and feed through slowly, so as not to jam and damage the motor.

For small children, the sick, elderly, new juicer, diabetic and anyone who has just finished strenuous exercises, it is better to dilute the juice with spring water. Stick to simple combinations using more vegetables than fruits (carrots). Taken every day you will soon find you want a pint.

Juice watermelons in summer as a cooling addition to the carrot/apple combination. Juice the whole watermelon, skin and pips, but you have to chop them up well. You can also use watermelons as a great liver cleanser.

Fresh root ginger, available from most oriental food stores, is a good addition for your juice in winter. It has been used in Chinese medicine for centuries to prevent colds and chills, improve circulation and to calm and promote good digestion. It is often used to counteract nicotine addiction.

Beetroot is great for detoxing, but it is very powerful. Use small amounts at first, no more than 2ozs per person. It has a very earthy taste, so you may prefer to add in small quantities and watch out, it stains!

Make a rich tomato soup by putting tomatoes through the juicer, squeezing in garlic, with a garlic press, then heating it slowly. Since the skins and pips are removed in the juicing process you can make a delicious soup without the fear of irritating a delicate colon. Tomato is also reputed to prevent middle-aged men from developing prostate problems. 

Neat green juice can burn the throat. Beware if you are too enthusiastic with green juices as you can find yourself sitting on the lavatory often. It is better to take things step by step like exercise, to adjust your colon and your kidneys, especially if you are very stressed or not very well.

Encouraging your body to surrender excess water and waste matter is really beneficial, but it is extra exercise for the kidneys and the colon, and like exercising any muscle, it should be built up slowly. Celery and cucumber are natural diuretic additions for your juice, if you suffer from fluid retention.

Use common sense; do not be too zealous, it is better to have a modest quantity of what tastes good every day than embark too enthusiastically on a health purge! Give young children smaller quantities as they need more protein in their diet for growth and this may fill them up too much, but it is better for them than sweets and fizzy drinks. Juice has lots of natural sugars (fructose) for energy and no additives!

Diabetics are advised to consult their doctors or dieticians before changing their diet, but juicing mainly vegetables and diluting the juices with water has helped a lot of diabetics.

Pineapple, kiwi and papaya give us all an appetite before lunch. Not only does it taste delicious, but it is also good for digestion. Pineapple is the only known source of Bromelain, a natural anti-inflammatory agent good for arthritic joints.

Always try and wash your juicer straight after using it. For, a few hours later, a solid sticky mass accumulates, which is very difficult to clean! Rinse under the outside tap with cold water then wash it in warm soapy water – it really does not take long, it’s just getting into the habit. The drier the pulp the more juice the machine is extracting. You can scrub your grater section with a toothbrush with warm soapy water to stop it from getting blocked. Buy the best juicer you can afford. Juicing attachments are available for some food processors and mixers, but bear in mind that it takes a lot of power to extract juice from carrots, and for more than one person (or a family) it is better to buy a separate appliance.

(Based on Net Resources)